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Key Requirements  

 

Implementing BNG begins with a baseline assessment of the site. Developers must evaluate the existing ecological value through surveys, identifying habitats, species presence, and overall conditions. Once the baseline is established, developers must demonstrate that their proposed plans will result in a measurable improvement to biodiversity. The goal is to achieve a net gain of at least 10%, which is calculated using standard methodologies.  

 

Adherence to the "mitigation hierarchy" is a cornerstone of BNG. This approach prioritizes avoiding harm to biodiversity, minimizing unavoidable impacts, restoring on-site habitats, and, if necessary, offsetting residual losses through off-site measures. In addition to these steps, developers must commit to maintaining biodiversity enhancements for a minimum of 30 years. Local planning authorities then assess these commitments and the overall BNG plan as part of the approval process.  

 

How is BNG Calculated?  

 

Calculating biodiversity net gain involves a comparison of the site's baseline ecological value with its projected value post-development. This is done using the Biodiversity Metric 4.0, developed by Natural England. The process starts with ecological surveys, where habitat types, sizes, and conditions are identified and recorded. These factors are then input into the metric, which assigns scores based on the distinctiveness, condition, and strategic importance of each habitat.  

 

The projected biodiversity value after development includes any on-site enhancements, such as planting trees, creating ponds, or restoring degraded areas. Off-site contributions can also be factored in, provided they meet the necessary criteria. The final calculation must demonstrate that the development achieves at least a 10% net gain in biodiversity.  

 

This process requires specialized knowledge, and qualified ecologists or environmental consultants typically handle these calculations. Their expertise ensures the assessment aligns with regulatory standards and provides accurate evidence for planning authorities to evaluate.  

 

Tools and Software for BNG  

 

The calculation of biodiversity net gain relies on specific tools and software. The Biodiversity Metric Calculator, developed by Natural England, is the primary tool used to automate and standardize calculations. This software simplifies the process by applying the metric to baseline and post-development data, ensuring consistency and transparency.  

 

Additionally, Geographic Information System (GIS) tools like QGIS or ArcGIS are often employed to map and analyze habitats, providing spatial data critical for accurate assessments. Developers may also use project-specific tools or spreadsheets to track progress and long-term compliance.  

 

These digital resources are essential for achieving reliable results, particularly when dealing with large or complex sites. By leveraging these tools, ecologists can ensure that all aspects of BNG are accurately represented in the planning application.  

 

Final Thoughts  

 

Biodiversity Net Gain is a vital step towards integrating sustainability into the planning process. By improving ecological conditions, developers can contribute to long-term conservation while meeting legal requirements. Although implementing BNG can be challenging, it offers significant benefits, including enhanced community relations, increased property values, and lasting environmental improvements.  

 

For developers and planners, understanding and embracing BNG is essential. Engaging with ecological consultants and utilizing the right tools can ensure compliance and foster a greener, more sustainable future.